Oxidative stress as a risk factor of the acrylamide toxicity in the weaning male and female rats

Abstract

The Swedish National Authority reported the presence of elevated levels of acrylamide (ACR) in certain types of food processed at high temperature. The present study was performed to evaluate the toxicity of ACR in different tissues ofthe weaning male and female rats after 14 and 28 days as well as two weeks of ACR stopping effect. ACR induced inhibition in the activities of the liver aminotransferases (ALT and AST)and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was significantly decreased in the male treated rats only. Stopping of ACR could not resume the activities of the studied enzymes. ACR induced a general decrease effect in glutathione reduced (GSH) level in the different studied tissues of male and female rats. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level significantly increased in liver and brain of both male and female rats following administration of ACR for 14 and 28 days.Acrylamide also showed significant inhibition in the catalase (CAT)activityin the all studied tissues following 14 and 28 days. The present study recommends restriction of ACR exposure either occupationally or in food containing product especially for children.Estimation of enzymatic activities in liver: Liver aspartate aminotransferase (AST; EC 2. 6. 1. 1) And alanine aminotransferase (ALT; EC 2. 6. 1. 2) activities were assayed by the method of Reitman and Frankel [32], while liver alkaline phosphatase (ALP ; EC 3. 1. 3. 1) activity was assayed using the method of Belfield and Goldberg [33]. Brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3. 1. 1. 7) activity was estimated using acetythiocholine iodide as a substrate [34]. Estimation of oxidative stress markers: Lipid peroxidation in the supernatants of different tissue organs was measured by the formation of malondialdehyde (MDA) method [36]. The level of total acid-soluble SH compound (glutathione GSH) in the different tissues was determined according to Aykac et al. [37]. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was determined according toNishikimi[38].